Best Salivary Gland Specialist In Pune
Salivary Gland Cancer: Diagnosis & Treatment in Pune
Salivary gland cancer is a rare type of malignancy that develops in the tissues of the salivary glands, which are responsible for producing saliva to aid digestion and maintain oral health. These cancers can arise in any of the salivary glands and may vary widely in behavior, ranging from slow-growing to aggressive forms.
Salivary gland tumors most commonly occur in the parotid glands, but they can also develop in the submandibular and sublingual glands, as well as in minor salivary glands located throughout the mouth and throat. Early evaluation by an experienced head and neck surgical oncologist allows accurate diagnosis and timely treatment, which are crucial for achieving favorable clinical outcomes.
Types of Salivary Glands
Salivary gland tumors may develop in the following glands:
Parotid Glands
- The largest salivary glands, located in front of the ears. Most salivary gland tumors occur here.
Submandibular Glands
- Located beneath the jaw, responsible for producing saliva during meals.
Sublingual Glands
- Found under the tongue; tumors here are less common but often malignant.
Minor Salivary Glands
- Small glands present in the lips, cheeks, palate, and throat.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of salivary gland cancer is not always known. However, several factors may increase risk:
- Previous exposure to radiation therapy to the head and neck
- Increasing age
- Certain occupational exposures
- Viral infections (in rare cases)
- History of benign salivary gland tumors
Symptoms of Salivary Gland Cancer
Symptoms depend on the gland involved and the stage of disease. Warning signs include:
- A painless or painful lump in the face, neck, or mouth
- Facial weakness or numbness
- Difficulty opening the mouth fully
- Trouble swallowing
- Persistent pain in the face, jaw, or ear
- Bleeding from the mouth
- Changes in facial symmetry
- Any persistent swelling or neurological symptoms require prompt evaluation.
Diagnosis
Accurate diagnosis involves a combination of clinical assessment and imaging:
- Clinical Examination of the face, mouth, and neck
- Ultrasound or CT Scan to identify gland masses
- MRI Scan for detailed soft-tissue evaluation
- PET Scan to detect cancer spread
- Biopsy / FNAC to confirm cancer type and grade
Treatment for Salivary Gland Cancer
Treatment depends on tumor type, grade, size, and spread.Surgery
- Primary treatment for most salivary gland tumors
- Aims to completely remove the tumor while preserving nerve function when possible
Radiation Therapy
- Used after surgery for malignant tumors
- Helps destroy residual cancer cells and reduce recurrence risk
Chemotherapy
- Reserved for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease
Rehabilitation
- Speech, swallowing, and facial nerve rehabilitation when required
A multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal cancer control and quality of life.
Prevention
While salivary gland cancer cannot always be prevented, risk may be reduced by:
- Avoiding unnecessary radiation exposure
- Seeking early evaluation for facial or neck lumps
- Regular follow-up for known salivary gland disorders
FAQs
1. Is salivary gland cancer common?
No, it is a rare cancer compared to other head and neck malignancies.
2. Are all salivary gland tumors cancerous?
No. Many salivary gland tumors are benign, but evaluation is essential.
3. Can salivary gland cancer spread?
Yes, malignant tumors can spread to lymph nodes or distant organs if untreated.
4. Is surgery always required?
Most malignant tumors require surgery, often followed by radiation therapy.
Contact Us
If you notice a persistent lump, facial weakness, or difficulty swallowing, seek expert evaluation promptly.
Book a consultation with Dr. Vidita Powle, Consultant Surgical Oncologist, for accurate diagnosis and advanced salivary gland cancer treatment in Pune.